Java 实战系列·Kaptcha 与数学公式验证码

作者 : jamin 本文共7032个字,预计阅读时间需要18分钟 发布时间: 2020-10-18 共1735人阅读

Kaptcha 与数学公式验证码

kaptcha 实现验证码

Google 的 kaptcha 框架是一个高度可配置的实用验证码生成工具,官方地址:kaptcha github

Spring 中引入非常简单,首先添加依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
    <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.2</version>
</dependency>

配置文件:

@Configuration
public class KaptchaConfig {
    @Bean
    public DefaultKaptcha getDefaultKaptcha() {
        DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        // 图片边框
        properties.put("kaptcha.border", "yes");
        // 字体颜色
        properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "black");
        // 图片宽
        properties.put("kaptcha.image.width", "120");
        // 图片高
        properties.put("kaptcha.image.height", "40");
        // 字体大小
        properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.size", "25");
        // 验证码长度
        properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.char.space", "4");
        // 字体
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.names", "宋体,楷体,微软雅黑");
        Config config = new Config(properties);
        defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);
        return defaultKaptcha;
    }
}

食用:

@Controller
@RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor = @__(@Autowired))
public class KaptchaController {

    private final DefaultKaptcha captchaProducer;

    @GetMapping("/code")
    public void defaultKaptcha(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
        byte[] captchaOutputStream = null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream imgOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        try {
            //生产验证码字符串并保存到session中
            String verifyCode = captchaProducer.createText();
            httpServletRequest.getSession().setAttribute("verifyCode", verifyCode);
            BufferedImage challenge = captchaProducer.createImage(verifyCode);
            ImageIO.write(challenge, "jpg", imgOutputStream);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            httpServletResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND);
            return;
        }
        captchaOutputStream = imgOutputStream.toByteArray();
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store");
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
        httpServletResponse.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
        httpServletResponse.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream = httpServletResponse.getOutputStream();
        responseOutputStream.write(captchaOutputStream);
        responseOutputStream.flush();
        responseOutputStream.close();
    }

    @GetMapping("/verify")
    @ResponseBody
    public String verify(@RequestParam("code") String code, HttpSession session) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(code)) {
            return "验证码不能为空";
        }
        String kaptchaCode = session.getAttribute("verifyCode") + "";
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(kaptchaCode) || !code.equals(kaptchaCode)) {
            return "验证码错误";
        }
        return "验证成功";
    }
}

数学公式验证码

引入 redis 依赖并添加工具类:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

RedisUtil 工具类:

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Component
@RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor = @__(@Autowired))
public class RedisUtil {

    private final RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    //=============================common============================

    /**
     * 指定缓存失效时间
     * @param key 键
     * @param time 时间(秒)
     * @return boolean
     */
    public boolean expire(String key, long time) {
        try {
            if(time > 0) {
                redisTemplate.expire(key, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            }
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 根据key获取过期时间
     * @param key 键 不能为null
     * @return 时间(秒) 返回0代表为永久有效
     */
    public long getExpire(String key) {
        return redisTemplate.getExpire(key, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    /**
     * 判断key是否存在
     * @param key 键
     * @return true存在 false不存在
     */
    public boolean hasKey(String key) {
        try {
            return redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 删除缓存
     * @param key 可以传一个值 或多个
     */
    public void del(String ...key){
        if(key != null && key.length > 0){
            if (key.length == 1) {
                redisTemplate.delete(key[0]);
            } else {
                redisTemplate.delete(CollectionUtils.arrayToList(key));
            }
        }
    }

    //============================String=============================

    /**
     * 普通缓存获取
     * @param key 键
     * @return 值
     */
    public Object get(String key) {
        return key == null ? null : redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
    }

    /**
     * 普通缓存放入
     * @param key 键
     * @param value 值
     * @return true成功 false失败
     */
    public boolean set(String key, Object value) {
        try {
            redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 普通缓存放入并设置时间
     * @param key 键
     * @param value 值
     * @param time 时间(秒) time要大于0 如果time小于等于0 将设置无限期
     * @return true成功 false 失败
     */
    public boolean set(String key, Object value, long time) {
        try {
            if(time > 0) {
                redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            } else {
                set(key, value);
            }
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }
}

验证码生成服务 GenerateVerifyCodeService:

@Service
@RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor = @__(@Autowired))
public class GenerateVerifyCodeService {

    private final RedisUtil redisUtil;

    private String LOGIN_CODE = "LOGIN_CODE_%s";

    /**
     * 创建验证码
     *
     * @param username 用户
     */
    public BufferedImage createVerifyCode(String username) {
        int width = 80;
        int height = 32;
        // 创建图片
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
        // 图片背景颜色
        g.setColor(new Color(0xDCDCDC));
        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
        // 绘制边框
        g.setColor(Color.black);
        g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
        // 随机
        Random rdm = new Random();
        // 随便画一些线
        for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
            int x = rdm.nextInt(width);
            int y = rdm.nextInt(height);
            g.drawOval(x, y, 0, 0);
        }
        // 生成验证码
        String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(rdm);
        g.setColor(new Color(0, 100, 0));
        g.setFont(new Font("Candara", Font.BOLD, 18));
        g.drawString(verifyCode.replace("*", "x"), 8, 24);
        g.dispose();
        // 把验证码存到redis中
        int rnd = calc(verifyCode);
        // 记录数学公司的结果
        redisUtil.set(String.format(LOGIN_CODE, username), String.valueOf(rnd), 60);
        //输出图片
        return image;
    }

    /**
     * 验证验证码是否正确
     *
     * @param username   账号
     * @param verifyCode 验证码
     */
    public boolean checkVerifyCode(String username, int verifyCode) {
        if (username == null) {
            return false;
        }
        String redisKey = String.format(LOGIN_CODE, username);
        String codeOld = (String) redisUtil.get(redisKey);
        if (codeOld == null || Integer.parseInt(codeOld) - verifyCode != 0) {
            return false;
        }
        redisUtil.del(redisKey);
        return true;
    }


    /**
     * 传入数学公式,得到结果
     *
     * @param exp 比如 1+2+3
     * @return 6
     */
    private static int calc(String exp) {
        try {
            ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
            ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("JavaScript");
            return (Integer) engine.eval(exp);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return 0;
        }
    }

    private static char[] ops = new char[]{'+', '-', '*'};

    /**
     * 随机验证码
     * + - *
     */
    private String generateVerifyCode(Random rdm) {
        int num1 = rdm.nextInt(10);
        int num2 = rdm.nextInt(10);
        int num3 = rdm.nextInt(10);
        char op1 = ops[rdm.nextInt(3)];
        char op2 = ops[rdm.nextInt(3)];
        return "" + num1 + op1 + num2 + op2 + num3;
    }
}

食用:

@Controller
@RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor = @__(@Autowired))
public class KaptchaController {

  private final GenerateVerifyCodeService verifyCodeService;

  /**
    * 获取验证码
    */
  @GetMapping("/verifyCode")
  @ResponseBody
  public String verifyCode(
          HttpServletResponse response,
          @RequestParam(value = "username", required = true) String username
  ) {
      try {
          BufferedImage image = this.verifyCodeService.createVerifyCode(username);
          OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
          ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
          out.flush();
          out.close();
          return null;
      } catch (Exception e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
          return "验证码生成失败";
      }
  }

  /**
    * 登录验证
    */
  @PostMapping("/login")
  @ResponseBody
  public String login(
          @RequestParam(value = "username", required = true) String username,
          @RequestParam(value = "password", required = true) String password,
          @RequestParam(value = "code", required = true) Integer code
  ) {
      if (StringUtils.isEmpty(code)) {
          return "验证码不能为空";
      }
      boolean checkVerifyCode = this.verifyCodeService.checkVerifyCode(username, code);
      if (!checkVerifyCode) {
          return "验证码错误";
      }
      return "验证成功";
  }
}
本站所提供的部分资源来自于网络,版权争议与本站无关,版权归原创者所有!仅限用于学习和研究目的,不得将上述内容资源用于商业或者非法用途,否则,一切后果请用户自负。您必须在下载后的24个小时之内,从您的电脑中彻底删除上述内容资源。如果上述内容资对您的版权或者利益造成损害,请提供相应的资质证明,我们将于3个工作日内予以删除。本站不保证所提供下载的资源的准确性、安全性和完整性,源码仅供下载学习之用!如用于商业或者非法用途,与本站无关,一切后果请用户自负!本站也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的损失或伤害。如有侵权、不妥之处,请联系站长以便删除!
金点网络-全网资源,一网打尽 » Java 实战系列·Kaptcha 与数学公式验证码

常见问题FAQ

免费下载或者VIP会员专享资源能否直接商用?
本站所有资源版权均属于原作者所有,这里所提供资源均只能用于参考学习用,请勿直接商用。若由于商用引起版权纠纷,一切责任均由使用者承担。
是否提供免费更新服务?
持续更新,永久免费
是否经过安全检测?
安全无毒,放心食用

提供最优质的资源集合

立即加入 友好社区
×